IFPA Trainer Practice Exam

How does supplementation compare to vitamins and minerals obtained from natural food sources?

1. Absorbed at a much higher level

2. Better

3. Worse

4. Absorbed at a much lower level

The correct answer is: Absorbed at a much lower level

The choice that states supplementation is absorbed at a much lower level is accurate because the bioavailability of nutrients from natural food sources can be significantly higher than that from supplements. This difference is influenced by how nutrients are presented in food, which often includes a complex matrix of enzymes, fibers, and other phytochemicals that facilitate better absorption and utilization in the body. Natural food sources contain a variety of vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial compounds that work synergistically, enhancing their bioavailability. For instance, the presence of certain vitamins can enhance the absorption of others; for example, vitamin C can improve the absorption of iron from plant sources. In contrast, supplements often isolate specific vitamins or minerals, which may not interact in the same way as they would in a whole food matrix, potentially leading to lower absorption rates. Additionally, some studies suggest that excessive amounts of certain vitamins and minerals from supplements can actually inhibit absorption or lead to imbalances. This is a reflection of how the body is adapted to receiving nutrients in their natural forms, where complex interactions with other food components can promote better overall health outcomes compared to taking isolated nutrients through supplements. In summary, while supplements can be useful in certain cases where individuals cannot obtain adequate nutrients from food alone, they generally do